In Catalog Settings > Product CSV, you can configure the importer to assign category image from a product:
If the category image is not provided, it will be taken from the product. It works only for categories without any image assigned.
All our solutions are compatible with or without the WooCommerce Catalog Booster plugin.
The best if you are starting with your catalog development.
This is a simple solution for an extendable custom post type to create your catalog.